收入分配论文：我国收入分配差距对内需影响的研究

收入分配论文：我国收入分配差距对内需影响的研究

【中文摘要】改革开放以来,随着中国经济的快速发展,居民的总体收入水平也不断上涨。无论城镇居民还是农村居民,生活条件都得到了极大的改善,生活水平显著提高。但与此同时,收入分配差距在不断拉大的事实也得到了全社会的广泛关注。与改革开放初期相比,城乡、行业以及区域之间的收入差距都有不断扩大的趋势,甚至悬殊。另一方面,内需不足、消费率连年不断降低也成为困扰我国经济增长的主要因素之一。居民收入水平是影响消费与投资的直接因素,收入分配差距的拉大是否对内需也有一定的影响?本文将对这一问题进行研究。在对西方经典的消费以及投资理论分析和总结的基础上,本文概括出了收入分配差距不断拉大对消费以及投资的作用机制,即收入分配差距的扩大会影响整个社会不同收入阶层的边际消费倾向、储蓄、低收入群体人数以及消费者心理等,从而对消费产生负作用;收入分配差距的扩大还会通过影响市场预期、投资乘数等对投资也产生负作用,但另一方面,收入分配差距的扩大对储蓄的影响又有可能对投资有利,因此,收入分配差距的扩大对投资的总体效用有待于进一步验证。在实证方面,本文分消费、投资以及内需结构三个方面分别与收入分配差距进行计量检验。通过对三大区域28年来的面板数据进行计量检验,结果显示,无论是分地区还是从全国层面上来看,收入分配差距对消费以及投资都具有负面的影响,但影响程度却不相同。在对消费的影响上,东部地区最大,西部地区次之,中部地区最小;在对

投资的影响上,西部地区受到的负面影响最大,东部次之,中部最小。另外,通过对28年来中国基尼系数以及消费率与投资率之比的时间序列数据进行计量检验,结果表明收入分配差距的拉大也不利于我国内需结构的优化。根据实证结果,文章最后提出了一系列针对性的建议。针对各个收入阶层不同的消费倾向以及消费特点,文章提出要加大对贫困阶层的帮扶,做好对低收入阶层的社会保障,不断增加对中等收入阶层的激励,并且还要注重对高收入阶层的调节,从而提高我国消费率水平,拉动内需以及经济增长。

【英文摘要】Since the reform and opening up, the residents’ overall income levels are rising rapidly with China’s rapid growing economy. Living conditions and living standards are greatly improved both in urban and rural areas. At the same time, the income distribution gap is widening day by day, and it has been got a lot of attentions all over the society. Compared with the beginning of the reform and opening up, the income gap in urban and rural, regional and industry is much wider than 30 years ago. As we know, income is a direct factor of consumption and investment, if the income distribution is also related with the domestic demand? The solutions of these issues are important to stimulate our consumption and boost our economic growth.On the base of review and summary of different income distribution and domestic demand theories, the article

summarizes the mechanisms between the growing income distribution gap and consumption and investment. The widening gap of income distribution will affect the marginal propensity to consume, savings, the number of low-income groups, and consumer psychology, all of above will have negative effects on consumption; the widening gap of income distribution will also have negative effects on investment through influencing market expectations, the investment multiplier, etc. but on the other hand, the widening gap of income distribution may also have some positive impact on the investment through savings. Therefore, the overall effectiveness on the investment needs to be further verified.In the empirical, the paper measured the relationship between income distribution and consumption, and investment, and domestic demand structure separately. Through a panel data model, we found that there is a significant negative effect on consumption and investment with the widening income distribution gap. The effects are different in three regions, the eastern region is mostly affected on consumption and the western region is mostly affected on investment, the middle region is affected the least both on consumption and investment. In addition, a series data test was made to measure the relationship between the widening income gap and the

structure of domestic demand. The results showed that the widening income gap is not conducive to optimizing the structure of domestic demand.According to the empirical results, a series of specific policy recommendations were proposed, such as increasing the level of aid to poor, making better social security for low-income people, increasing the incentives for middle-income class, and also adjusting the great high level income, thereby to stimulate our domestic demand and economic growth.

【关键词】收入分配 消费 投资 内需结构

【英文关键词】Income Distribution Consumption Investment the Structure of Domestic Demand

【目录】我国收入分配差距对内需影响的研究摘要4-59-10

ABSTRACT5-6

第一章 绪论9-16

1.1 研究背景及意义

1.2 文献综

1.1.1 研究背景91.1.2 研究意义9-10

述10-1311-1313-14

1.2.1 国外相关文献回顾10-111.2.3 对现有研究的评述131.4 研究方案14-15

1.2.2 国内相关文献

1.3 研究内容

1.4.2 技术

1.4.1 研究方法14

路线14-151.5 可能的创新点15-16第二章 收入分配对内需

影响的作用机制16-2416-1917-19

2.1 收入分配对内需影响的理论基础

2.1.2 投资需求理论

2.2.1 收入

2.1.1 消费需求理论16-17

2.2 收入分配对内需影响的作用机制19-23

分配对消费的影响19-2121-2223-24

2.2.2 收入分配对投资的影响

2.3 本章小结

3.1 收入3.1.2 农3.1.4 3.2

2.2.3 收入分配对内需结构的影响22-23

第三章 收入分配差距与内需现状分析24-36

3.1.1 城镇内部收入差距24-25

分配差距现状24-31村内部收入差距25-27

3.1.3 城乡之间收入差距27-283.1.5 区域之间收入差距30-31

行业之间收入差距28-30内需现状31-3533-34

3.2.1 消费现状31-333.2.2 投资现状

第四章

3.2.3 内需结构34-353.3 本章小结35-36

我国收入分配对内需影响的实证分析36-49衡量36-3939-4340

4.1 收入分配差距的

4.2 收入分配差距对消费影响的实证分析

4.2.2 数据说明

4.2.1 模型的设定与指标选取39-40

4.2.3 实证检验40-434.3 收入分配差距对投资影响的实

4.3.2 实证

证分析43-46检验44-46-4847-4849-53

4.3.1 模型的设定与指标选取43-44

4.4 收入分配差距对内需结构影响的实证分析

4.4.2 实证检验

4.4.1 模型的设定与指标选取46-474.5 本章小结48-495.1 结论49

第五章 结论与建议

5.2.1 加大对贫困

5.2 建议49-52

阶层的援助和帮扶49-5050-51

5.2.2 做好对低收入阶层的保障工作

5.2.4 注重对高参考文献

5.2.3 增加对中等收入阶层的激励51

5.3 不足与展望52-53

收入阶层的调节51-5253-56

攻读硕士学位期间科研成果56-57后记57

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