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初中英语常用动词词组与短语240个

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初中英语常用动词词组及短语

240 个

23)be in trouble

处于困境中

很高兴做 ,,

由 be 构成的词组

1)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出 2)be at home/work 在家/上班

3)be good at 善于,擅长于

4)be careful of 当心,注意,仔细

5)be covered with 被,, 复盖

6)be ready for 为,, 作好准备

7)be surprised (at) 对,, 感到惊讶 8)be interested in 对,, 感到举

9)be born 出生

10)be on

在进行,在上演,

(灯)亮着

11)be able to do sth. 能够做 ,,

12)be afraid

of (to do sth.

that , )

害怕 ,,

( 不敢做 ,, ,恐怕13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气

14)be pleased (with) 对,, 感到高兴

(满意)

15)be famous for 以,, 而著名

16)be strict in (with) ( 对工作、对人 ) 严格要求

17)be from

来自 ,, ,什么地方人

18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/ 渴了/ 累了

19)be worried

担忧

20)be (well) worth doing ( 非常 ) 值得做 ,,

21)be covered with 被,, 所覆盖 ,,

22)be in (great) need of (

很) 需要

,,

24)be glad to do sth.

25)be late for

,, 迟到

26)be made of (from)

由,, 制成

27)be satisfied with

对,, 感到满意

28)be free

空闲的,有空

29)be (ill) in bed

卧病在床

30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做 ,,

( 忙于,, )

由 come 、do 、get 、give 、go 、have 、

make 、looke 、put 、set 、send 、take

等动词构成的词组

31)come back 回来 )

32)come down 下来

33)come in

进入,进来

34)come on 快,走吧,跟我来 35)come out 出来

36)come out of 从,, 出来

37)come up 上来

38)come from 来自 ,,

39)do one's lessons/homework 做功课 / 回家作业 40)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习 / 朗读

41)do one's best

尽力

42)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning) help 、keep 、

turn 、play

买东西 ( 做饭菜,读

、点书,大扫除 )

43)do a good deed (good deeds) 做一件好事 ( 做好事 )

44)do morning exercises 做早操

45)do eye exercises 做眼保健操

46)do well in 在,, 某方面干得好

47)get up

起床

48)get everything ready 把一切都准备好

49)get ready for (=be ready for)

为,, 作好准备 50)get on (well) with 与,, 相处

(融洽)

51)get back 返回

52)get rid of 除掉,去除

53)get in 进入,收集

)get on/off

上/下车

55)get to 到达

56)get there 到达那里

57)give sb. a call 给,, 打

58)give a talk 作报告

59)give a lecture (a piano concert)

作讲座 ( 举行钢琴音乐会 )60)give back 归还,送回

61)give ,,

some advice on 给,,

一些忠告

62)give lessons to

给,, 上课

63)give in 屈服 )give up

放弃

65)give sb. a chance 给,, 一次机会 66)give a message to

,,

给,, 一个口信

67)go ahead 先走,向前走,去吧,干吧

68)go to the cinema 看电影

69)go go bed

睡觉 (make the bed 整理床铺 )

70)go to school (college)

上学(上大学 ) 71)go to (the) hospital

去医院看病

72)go over

过一遍,复习 / go over to

朝,, 走去

73)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西

74)go home (there) 回家去 ( 去那儿 )

75)go round 顺便去,绕道走

76)go up 上去

77)go out for a walk

外出散步

78)go on (doing) 继续 ( 做,, )

79)go shopping

去购物

80)go on with one's work 继续某人的工作 81)go upstairs/downstairs 上/ 下楼 82)(the lights) go out (

灯)熄了

83)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting

上课/ 开会

84)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球 ( 蓝球 ) 赛85)have dictation 听见

86)have a try

试一试

87)have a good/wonderful time

玩得很高兴

88)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座 ( 听钢琴音乐会 )

)have a report (talk) on

听一个关于 ,, 的报告

90)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水, ( 一杯茶 ) 91)have breakfast/lunch/supper /dinner 吃早饭 /午饭/晚饭 92)have a meal (three meals)

吃一顿饭 ( 三餐饭 )

93)have bread and milk for breakfast

早饭吃面包和牛奶

94)have (have got) a headache 头痛

95)have a fever 发烧

96)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)

97)have a look (at) 看一看 ,,

98)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿 ( 工间或课间休息 )

99)have a talk 谈话

100)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步

101)have sports

进行体育锻炼

102)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会

103)have something done让人 ( 请人 ) 做,, 104)have a test/an exam 测验/ 考试

105)have an idea

有了个主意

106)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做 ,,

( 最好不要做 ,,)

107)have a word with 与,, 谈几句话

108)help sb. with sth. 在,, 方面帮助 ,,

109)help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助 ,, 做,,

110)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat

请随便吃点鸡 / 鱼 / 肉

111)help each other 互相帮助

112)have nothing to do 无事可做

113)keep up with 跟上 ,, ,不落后于 ,,

114)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默 / 安静 115)keep sb. doing sth. 使,, 一直做 ,, 116)keep one's diary 记日记

117)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)

吵闹 ( 十分嘈杂,响声 )

118)make a living 谋生

119)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做 ,,

120)make faces (a face) 做鬼脸

121)make friends (with)

与,, 交朋友

122)make a mistake (mistakes) 犯错误

123)make room/space for 给,, 腾出地方

124)make a sentence (sentences)with

用,, 造句

125)make a fire 生火

126)be made from/of 由,, 制成

127)be made in

在,, 地方制造

128)look out of (outside) 往外看 ( 看外面 )

129)look up a word (in the dictionary)

查字典

130)look up 往上看,仰望

131)look after 照管,照看,照顾

132)look for 寻找

133)look like

看上去像

134)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好 / 健康 / 疲劳 / 忧虑135)look out 当心,小心

136)look on , as, 把,, 当作 ,,

看待

137)look around

朝四周看

138)look at 看着 ,,

139)put on 穿上(衣服),戴上 (帽子),上演 (戏剧) 140)put up 建造,搭起,挂起,举起,X帖

141)put into

使进入,输入

142)put one's heart into

全神贯注于

143)put , down, 把,, 放下 144)put ,

into , 把,, 译成

145)set up 146)set off 147)set out 竖起,建起 出发

170)take photos 拍照

出发,动身

171)take some medicine服药 172)take a bus/train, boat/ 173)turn on 乘公共汽车,火车 / 船

148)set an example for

为,, 树立榜样

开,旋开 ( 电灯,收音机等 ) 149)send for 派人去请 ( 叫)

150)send out

放出,发出

151)end up 把,, 往上送,发射

152)take one's advice 听从某人劝告

153)take out 拿出,取出 1)take down 拿下 155)take place

发生

156)take one's place坐,, 的座位,代替某人职务 157)take the place of 代替 ,, 158)take a walk/rest 散步/休息

159)take it easy 别紧X

160)take sth.with sb. 随身带着

161)take sb. to a park/London for one's holidays

带某人去公园敦度假

162)take care of 关心,照顾,保管

163)take a look (a last look) at

看一看 ( 最后看一眼 )

1)take an exam 参加考试

165)take away 拿走

166)take back 收回,带回

167)take hold of 抓住 ,,

168)take off

脱下 ( 衣,帽,鞋等 ) 拿掉

169)take (an active) part in (

积极)参加 (活动)

174)turn off 关上 ( 电灯,收音机等 ) 175)turn in 交出,上交

176)turn , into , 变成

177)turn to

翻到,转向

178)turn down (

把音量 ) 调低 179)turn , over 把,, 翻过来

180)play basketball 打篮球, football

踢足球, volleyball

打排球

181)play games

做游戏

182)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴 ( 拉小提琴 )

183)play with snow 玩雪

184)play a joke (on)

对,, 开玩笑

/ 伦

由其他动词构成的词组

185)think over 仔细考虑

186)arrive at/in a place 到达某处

187)eat up 吃完,吃光 188)do well in 在,, 干得好

1)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth.

喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事

190)find out 发现,查出 ( 等 )

191)finish off

吃完,喝完

192)stop doing sth. 停止做某事 193)stop to do sth.

停下来去做某事

194)hold a meting 举行会议

195)hold up 举起

196)hurry up 赶快,快点 197)enter for 报名参加 198)langht at 嘲笑 199)be used to

习惯于

200)used to 过去常常 201)wake , up 唤醒 202)work out

算出

动词短语

203)ask for

向,, 要,, ,请求

204)ask for leave 请假

205)send for 派人去请 ( 叫) 206)pay for

付,, 的款 207)wait for 等候

208)thank for 为,, 感谢

209)apologize to sb. for sth.

为某事向某人道歉210)look for 寻找

211)leave , for 离开 ,, 去,,

212)fall off

跌落

213)catch cold 着凉,伤风

214)catch up with 赶上

215)agree with sb. 赞成,同意某人的意见

216)filled

,,

with 把,, 装满

217)tell sb. about sth.

告诉某人某事

218)talk about 谈论 ,, 219)think about 考虑 ,, 220)worry about 担忧 ,, 221)look after 照料

222)run after

追赶,跟在后面跑

223)read after

跟,, 读 224)smile at 对,, 微笑

225)knock at 敲( 门、窗 )

226)shout at

对,, 大喊

( 嚷 )

227)throw away 扔掉

228)work hard at 努力做 ,, 229)wait in line

排队等候

230)change , into ,

变成 231)hurry into , 匆忙进入

232)hurry up

快点

233)run into , 跑进

234)hear of

听说

235)hear from 收到 ,, 来信

236)think of

认为,考虑

237)catch hold of 抓住 238)instead of 代替 ,,

239)hand in 交上来

240)stay in bed

卧病在床

几组近义动词和动词词组辨析

( 3) look over 检查身体等。

( 4) look forward to 盼望⋯⋯,期待⋯⋯。例如:

I am looking forward to your letter.

She looks forward to going to visit her grandparents in

1.几个“花费”:spend, take, pay, cost. ( 1)spend 多用人作主语, 后接金钱或时间。 spend ⋯ on sth / ( in) doing sth,

例如: I spent 15 yuan on this new book.

( 2) take 常用于 \"It takes sb. some time to do sth\" 句型中,例如:

It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day.

( 3) pay 常与 for 连用,表“付给⋯⋯ 款”。例如:

I paid 15 Yuan for this new book.

( 4) cost 常用物作主语,表“价值或花费多少钱”,例如:

This new book cost me 15 Yuan.

2.几个“看”:look, see, watch, read, find ( 1)look 看,表动作, look at 。例如: Please don ’t look out of the window. ( 2) see 看见,表结果;也可说看电影“see a film ”。例如:

His father saw him sitting on some eggs.

( 3) watch 观看比赛、演出、电视等。

( 4)read 读书看报等文字材料。例如:My father is reading newspaper now. 3.几个与 “看”有关的词或词组:look for, find, find out, look after, take care of,

( 1)look for 寻找,表过程; find 发现,找到,表结果;查明。例如:

I looked for my lost pen everywhere, but couldn ( 2) look after, take care of 均表示“照看,照顾”。

为及物动词,后面多接两个宾语。例如:

I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow.

find out找出,Granny often tells me funny stories.

Dalian.

4.几个“说”:

say, speak, talk, tell

( 1) say 接说话的内容,作及物动词。say sth to sb. 对某人说某事。例

Did you say goodbye to your granny?

( 2)speak 常指能说某种语言,打时常用它表示说话,也有“演讲”的意思,

如:

不强调说话的内容。例如:

We can speak Chinese and English.

May I speak to Henry?

He will speak at the meeting tonight.

( 3)talk 多是不及物动词,指交谈、谈论;做名词时有演讲、报告之意。

例如:

They are talking about their friends now.

I will talk to your father about your health next time. Mr. Zhang is going to give us a talk at the meeting.

( 4) tell 的意思是“告诉某人⋯⋯ ;讲述 ⋯⋯; 吩咐某人做 ⋯⋯”。 多 The policeman told us not to play football in the street

look over, look forward to, ’t find it anywhere. again.

5.几个“穿,戴”:

put on, wear, dress, in

( 1) put on 指“穿上、戴上”的意思,强调动作,代词多放在中间。例 如:

Here is your coat. Put it on, Lucy.

He put on his new pair of sunglasses and went out.

( 2) wear 指“穿着,戴着”,表示状态。例如:

-“What is she wearing? ” - “She’wearings a red hat and a bluejacket.”

( 3) dress 指“给某人穿衣服”,其宾语多是人。例如:

My mother is dressing herself.

My little brother is too young. Mom dresses him every morning.

dress up 指“穿上盛装,打扮”

( 4) in 后多接衣服的颜色,表示“穿着⋯⋯ 颜色衣服的”。例如:

The man in black is my father. Have you seen a boy in a red sweater? 6.几个“到达”:reach, arrive in / at, get to

( 1) reach 是个及物动词,它后面可以直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。例如:

We reached Shanghai at eight on Monday.

( 2) arrive是个不及物动词,后面接表示地点的名词作宾语时需在宾 语前加介词 in 或 at (在国家和较大的城市或地区前用in ,较小的地方或 单位前用at )。

例如:We have already arrived in Shanghai.

They arrived at school at 6:30 yesterday. ( 3) get to表示到达,多用于口语中。例如:

I got to the Capital Cinema at 9:00.

注意 :当表示到达 here, there, home时, arrive

或 get 后不要加介

词。

例如: When did you get home? When will you arrive there?

7.几个“带、拿”:

bring, take, get, carry

( 1) bring 指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”。例 如:

You’d better finish you homework today and bring it to school

tomorrow.

May I bring Tom along?Bring the book to me, please.

( 2) take 指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到” 离说话人较远处。例如:

Could you take the book to the classroom? I am busy now.

( 3) get 指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。例如:

Will you get that book for me?

( 4) carry 不强调动作来去的方向,只说明动作方式,表示“背着、扛着、提着、载着”等含义。例如

The buses and taxis are carry people here and there.

The box is so heavy that the little boy can’ t carry it.

8

.几个与“听”有关的词或词组:listen to, hear, hear of, hear from ( 1) listen to 听⋯⋯,表示听的动作。 ( 2) hear听见,听到。表示结果。例如:

I listened to the speaker carefully, but I couldn’t hear anything.( 3) hear of 听说 ,, 。例如: Have

you heard of this news?

( 4) hear from 收到某人的信息或来信。例如:

I heard from my friend in Australia last week.

9. beat 和 win

( 1) beat 表示“赢”或“打败”,后面要接被打败的对手。例如:

Our football team beat theirs by 3 to 1.

( 2)win 用作及物动词时, 后面接的不是被打败的对手, 而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次等。例如:

Our football team won the football game by 3 to 1.

10. rise 和 raise

( 1) rise 是不及物动词,表示“上升、提高、增长”等。例如:

The sun rises in the east.

Our country ’ s international prestige(国际声望) is rising

continually. ( 2) raise 是及物动词,表示“举起、抬起”。

He raised his hand picked an apple.

11. borrow, lend 和 keep

( 1) borrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西,常与介词 from 连用。例如:

May I borrow some money from you? You can borrow books from the library.

( 2) lend 指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人,常与介词to 连用。 例如:

Could you lend me some money? The library lends books to the students.

( 3) keep 表示“保存”,与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例如:

How long may I keep the book? I have kept the book for 3 weeks.

12. receive 和 accept

( 1)receive 的意思是“收到了 ,, ”,只表示收到某物,并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。例如:

I received a gift from her, but I returned it back to her this morning.

( 2) accept 表示“接受 ,, ”, “同意接纳 ,, ”。如接受物体、邀请、批评等。

He received an invitation from her and accepted it happily.

13 . answer 与 reply ( 1) answer 意为“回答、响应、答复、接听”等,多作及物动词。例

如:

Who can answer my question?

I called you, but no one answered the telephone.

( 2) reply 意为“回答、答复”,是不及物动词,后需加介词 to, at 等再加宾语。例如:

H e didn ’t want to reply to my questions.

14. hope 与 expect

( 1) hope 指主观上的愿望,但在客观上不一定有实现的可能性,常接

that 从句、动词不定式或以介词for 引出的短语。例如:

I hope you will come to see me again when you are 100 years old.

Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.

( 2)expect 着重指客观上有可能实现的“期待、期望”等,其后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或 that 从句。例如:

I am expecting that you will come soon. She is expecting a letter from him.

15. lie 和 lay

( 1) lie 有多个意思:表示“躺;展示;位于”时,其变化是:lay, lain,

lying

; 表示“说谎”时,其变化是:lied, lied, lying

例如: I saw an old man lying on the street.

Don’ t believe him. He always lies.

( 2) lay 的含意是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是:laid, laid, laying.

I can’ t find my book anywhere. I remember that I laid it on the desk

last night.

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