大学四级-569

(总分：693.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Writing{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：106.00)

1.1．现在国家主张建立和谐型社会。师生关系也应该和谐 2．我心目中的和谐的师生关系 3．我们应该如何去建立这样的师生关系 {{B}}My View on Harmonious Teacher-Student Relationship{{/B}} _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ （分数：106.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()

解析：{{B}}[范文]{{/B}} {{B}}My View on Harmonious Teacher-Student Relationship{{/B}} From the ancient times, ①Chinese culture has attached importance to harmony. Currently, our country endeavors to establish a harmonious society. And harmonious teacher-student relationship is part of it. ②In my opinion, harmonious teacher-student relationship is based on mutual respect and understanding. Teachers are not only instructors, but also guides for students' career. They ③view students as equal individuals As for students, they are active and modest. They regard teachers as their friends. Both sides enjoy communicating with each other. To establish such a harmonious relationship, both sides should ④make their commitment. ⑤As for teachers, besides full devotion to teaching, they should respect students and offer help to them when necessary. As for students, apart from obeying school's regulations, they should learn to value and respect their teachers' hard work. A harmonious teacher-student relationship is beneficial, and it deserves our efforts. {{B}}[写作点拨]{{/B}} ①审题及布局。本文是一篇论说文【考频：10】。这篇作文的三个段落可以分别论述和谐师生关系的必要性、什么是和谐的师生关系和如何建立和谐的师生关系。第一段写必要性。提纲中特意提到了我国现在主张建立和谐型社会关系，和谐的师生关系当然是这其中的一部分。第二段写我心中的和谐师生关系，应该确定一些关键词，如尊重、理解等。不宜写得太散，太开，没有重点。第三段可以从老师和学生分别该怎么做展开论述，通过双方努力，构建和谐的师生关系。文章的重点段落为第二、三段。②语言。用词应准确、概括、精炼，用一般现在时即可，必要时可以使用现在完成时。 {{B}}[范文点评]{{/B}} ①从历史的角度，阐述中国一直以来就重视和谐。高分词组：attach importance to sth．“重视某事”。 ②主题句，强调和谐的师生关系以互相尊重和理解为基础。 ③View…as…“把……看作”为高分表达。 ④make commitment“承担义务”为高分表达。 ⑤通过As for…，besides (apart from…)，they should…的句型，清楚地表达了老师和学生该如何做，才能建立和谐的师生关系。

二、{{B}}Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning){{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：70.00)

{{B}}Chasing Fame{{/B}}

What do you want out of life? Do you hope to make the world a better place? Do you dream of becoming a millionaire? Or have you set your sights on becoming a star?

If what you want most is to see your name in lights, be featured on Entertainment Tonight, or have a mass of screaming fans faint in your presence, you're not the only one. Many Americans dream of fame, and such fantasies tend to be more common among teens than adults. When Girls' Life magazine recently asked its readers to name their biggest goal in life,

the largest number (35 percent) said that they wanted to become famous. The Corporation for Public Broadcasting found that many of the kids and teens it polled for its 2000 Roper Youth Report gave similar responses. Although wealth was the number one dream reported by young people, fame was near the top of the list. Beauty and singing talent—qualities often seem as routes to fame also ranked high. We are all familiar with the dangers of fame. We've seen celebrities waste their millions, fight with their families, and mess up their lives with drugs or alcohol. We've observed what too much money spent on too many plastic surgery operations can do to a person's face. We know about the pressures celebrities live with and the lack of privacy they deal with. So why do so many of us still want to be famous? {{B}}Reaching for Fame{{/B}} Perhaps we are all reaching for fame because today, more than ever before, fame appears to be within reach. Andy Warhol, a famous 20th-century artist, predicted that in the future everyone would be famous for 15 minutes. Are we nearing the future time that Warhol was describing? Watch a few hours of television this week, and you might be convinced. Prime-time game shows and daytime talk shows are filled with folks living out their 15 minutes of fame. Reality TV shows such as Survivor, Temptation Island, and The Real World transform average people into instant celebrities. Some \"reality\" programs, such as Popstar2 and Making the Band, promise-and deliver-sudden opportunities to musically talented young people.

Though TV might seem to be the fastest route into the spotlight, other types of modern-day technology also offer chances for self-promotion to wanna-be stars. Today, more and more people own or have access to recording and film equipment or publishing software. Huge numbers also have access to the Internet, and many people have their own Web sites. Fame seekers can use the Web to post a favorite mug shot, a film clip, or their band's touring schedule. They can do so for little cost and in a space that be viewed by millions.

{{B}}A Star-Struck Society{{/B}}

Perhaps it's only natural that so many of us fantasize about fame and plot out ways to gain it. After all, we live in a culture obsessed with the doings of famous people. Just take a look sometime as you're walking through the checkout line at your local grocery store. The racks are full of magazines reporting on the lives of TV and film stars, athletes, singers, musicians, famous politicians, and foreign royalty. At least three out of four magazines feature a celebrity on the cover and promise some juicy bit of celebrity gossip inside, perhaps a peck at J. Lo's wedding dress or Carson Daley's new girlfriend. The televisions in our homes are just as full of celebrity faces and facts. Some TV shows focus on nothing but the lives of famous people. Other news, drama, comedy, and sports programs introduce us to the actors, athletes,

singers, and program hosts who become the objects of our fascination. {{B}}Changing Priorities?{{/B}}

Americans love their celebrities and never seem to be tired of celebrity gossip. Well—almost never. Following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, celebrity gossip temporarily ceased. For a few days after the attacks, nobody paid much attention to Michael Jordan's plans for a comeback or Christina Aguilera's dresses.

The Washington Post was among the many US newspapers that decided not to run gossip columns during that time. \"I would feel personally silly and irrelevant if I were doing my column right now,\" said Lloyd Grove, a gossip columnist for The Post. \"I think my time would be better spent going to a blood bank.\"

Some people looked around at our suddenly somber, sad, and earnest nation and wondered: Has America changed for good? Have we passed into a new phase—one in which celebrities and their brand of fame no longer hold any meaning and value?

It didn't take long after the tragedies, though, for celebrities to find their way back into the spotlight. Television and radio stations announced Michael Jackson's attention to make a record and donate the proceeds to disaster relief. Other celebrity responses to the attacks were also quickly made known. Within days, many top musicians, actors, and TV personalities joined forces to participate in a Tribute to Heroes

celebrity fundraising for the United Way. Every major network covered the event, which was watched by million viewers. {{B}}Goals and Happiness{{/B}}

Are we just as fascinated with fame and famous people as we ever were? Or have the events of this past year really changed our values and goals? If we really have changed, that might not be such a bad thing. Recent psychological studies show that people who pursue extrinsic (外在的) goals—such as fame, wealth, or public image—tend to feel less happiness and a lower sense of well-being than other people do. Having an extrinsic goal means being motivated by something outside of yourself. Extrinsic goals are only really accomplished when other people acknowledge them to be accomplished. Studies show that even people who reach extrinsic goals—achieving fame or wealth, for instance—tend to be less happy in their lives than people who set intrinsic goals.

An intrinsic (内在的) goal is a motivating factor that is inside you, instead of outside of you. People who set out to achieve personal growth or to build better relationships with friends or family have set intrinsic goals. Studies show that such people are more likely to be happy and to feel a sense of well-being than are people who set extrinsic goals. Teens tend to hear a lot about the need to \"set goals\" in their lives. But what if by setting certain kinds of goals, young people really are setting themselves up for future unhappiness?

What kinds of goals have you set for yourself? Are you planning to spend your life chasing after the fame game? If what you really want is happiness, maybe it's time to change your plans.

（分数：70.00）

(1).When Girls' Life magazine asked its readers to name their goal, most of them wanted ______.（分数：7.00） A.to be common B.to scream at fans C.to have fantasies D.to be famous √

解析：[定位] 定位到第二段末句，When Girls’Life magazine recently asked its readers to name their biggest goal in life the largest number(35 percent)said that they wanted to become famous． [精析] 细节明示题【考频：5】。文章说“当Girls’Life杂志问到读者的人生目标是什么的时候，选择最多的是成名”。故正确答案为D)。

(2).According to the 2000 Roper Youth Report, the number one dream of young people is ______.（分数：7.00） A.fame B.wealth √ C.beauty D.talent

解析：[定位] 定位到第三段第二句Although wealth was the number one dream reported by young people，…． [精析] 细节明示题【考频：5】。文章明确说“财富是年轻人的第一梦想”。故正确答案为B)。

(3).Andy Warhol believes that in the future ______.（分数：7.00） A.all will reach for fame

B.anyone could be famous for a while √ C.fame will become easily available D.everyone can be on TV shows

解析：[定位] 定位到第一个小标题下第一段第二句Andy Warhol，a famous 20th-century artist，predicted that in the future everyone would be famous for 15 minutes． [精析] 同义转述题【考频：29】。for l5 minutes与B)中的for a while同义。本段第一句话说“也许我们今天都向往成名的原因在于出名似乎比以前任何时候都要容易”，并不是说A)“将来所有的人都会想成名”；虽然每个人都有那么一小段时间可以出名，但却不代表C)“将来名气会变得唾手可得”；“虽然现在很多普通人都可能上电视，成为众人瞩目的焦点”，但却不能说明D)“将来每个人都可以上电视”。故正确答案为B)。

(4).According to the passage, the fastest way to get into the spotlight seems to be ______.（分数：7.00） A.film and record B.Internet C.television √ D.publishing house

解析：[定位] 定位到第一个小标题下第二段首句Though TV might seem to be the fastest route into the spotlight，… [精析] 细节明示题【考频：5】。文章说“也许想要成为聚光灯的焦点，电视是最快的途径”，故正确答案为C)。

(5).It's natural for many people to dream about fame because ______.（分数：7.00） A.there're always ways to gain it and make us celebrities B.celebrities also shop in the grocery stores C.we are surrounded by reports of celebrities √ D.we know everything about celebrities

解析：[定位] 定位到第二个小标题下第一段第一至二句Perhaps it's only natural that so many of us fantasize about fame and plot out ways to gain it．After all，we live in a culture obsessed with the doings of famous people． [精析] 综合归纳题【考频：1】。本段讲述了社会对名人的态度，杂志里写的全是名人的琐事，封面上也大多是名人的照片，在这样一个到处都有名人影子的社会里，我们想要成名也就不奇怪了。所以，C)“因为我们身边全是关于名人的报道”为正确答案。

(6).After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, celebrity gossip ______.（分数：7.00） A.was paid much attention to B.occupied more columns C.made people felt tired of D.stopped for a while √

解析：[定位] 定位到第三个小标题下第一段第三句Following the terrorist attacks on September 11，2001，celebrity gossip temporarily ceased． [精析] 同义转述题【考频：29】。temporarily“暂时地”，cease“停止”，与D)“停止了一段时间”意思完全相同。

(7).Not long after the tragedies, the celebrities ______.（分数：7.00） A.drew people's attention again √ B.stopped the silly gossips C.went to the blood bank D.looked around and wondered

解析：[定位] 定位到第三个小标题下最后一段首句It didn't take long after the tragedies，though，for celebrities to find their way back into the spotlight． [精析] 同义转述题【考频：29】。文章中的find their way back to the spotlight意思为“重新回到了聚光灯下”，也就是说“重新成为了人们注意的焦点”，这与A)“再次吸引了人们的注意’’意思相同。故正确答案为A)。

(8).Tribute to Heroes, the celebrity fundraising, was covered by all the major networks and watched by ______.（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案： million views）

解析：[定位] 定位到第三个小标题下最后一段最后两句…Tribute to Heroes celebrity fundraising for the United Way．Every major network covered the event; which was watched by million viewers． [精析] 信息明示题【考频：5】。题目中的句子只是改变了原文句子的语序，并把every major network改写成all the major networks，但是句子的意思和内容完全没变，空格处只要填入原文就可以了。 (9).If people are motivated by something outside of themselves, they ______.（分数：7.00） 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：have an extrinsic goal）

解析：[定位] 定位到第四个小标下第二段第三句Having an extrinsic goal means being motivated by something outside of yourself． [精析] 信息明示题【考频：5】。有了准确地定位，本题就不难解答。只是在填入答案的时候，要注意将动词的—ing形式换成谓语动词，注意语法规则。

(10).Studies show that people who are more likely to be happy and to feel a sense of well-being are those who ______.（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：set intrinsic goals）

解析：[定位] 定位到第四个小标题第三段末句Studies show that such people are more likely to be happy and to feel a sense of well—being than are people who set extrinsic goals． [精析] 综合推断题【考频：2】。文章中原句说“研究表明这样的人比将外在因素设为目标的人更有可能感到幸福”，结合本句前面的内容，“这样的人”指的就是set intrinsic goals“将内在需求设为目标的人”。

三、{{B}}Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：105.00)

（分数：56.00）

A.To buy some stamps. B.To wait for the postman.

C.To mail the letter himself. √ D.To deliver a package to the postman.

解析：[听力原文] W: Are you going to the post office for stamps or to pick up a package? M: Neither. I left a letter for the postman to collect yesterday, but he forgot. And it has to be mailed today, I'd better hurry. Q: What will the man do? [答案详解] 行动计划题【考频：7】。对话中男士说昨天留下一封信让邮递员邮递，但是他忘记了，信必须今天寄出，他得快点了。本题关键句为“but he forgot…I’d better hurry”，可知男士要亲自去寄信。故正确答案为C)。 A.Repair the other door. B.Visit some ruins.

C.Have an outdoor party. √ D.Catch the Saturday train.

解析：[听力原文] M: The weather forecast says the rainy season is coming. If it rains on Saturday, the party will be ruined. W: What does it matter? We can always hold it indoors. Q: What are the man and woman hoping to do? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：56】。本题关键词为“hold it indoors”(在室内举行)。女士说天气预报说雨季就要来了，如果周六下雨，聚会就被破坏了。男士说没关系，可以在室内举行。因此可知他们原本希望在室外举行 A.She wants to know who the students are. B.She wants to meet the president. √ C.She's not eager to greet the president. D.She's sure she has met the president before.

解析：[听力原文] M: Gloria, have you met the new student body president yet? W: No. I don't think we've met before. Could you make an appointment for us this afternoon? Q: What does Gloria mean? [答案详解] 语义推断题【考频：12】。本题关键词为“make an appointment for…”(给……安排会面)。男土问女士有没有见过新的学生会。女士说没有见过，并让男士下午给他们安排一次会面。故正确答案为B)。

A.Finish putting her book away. B.Stop what she is doing. C.Finish her work elsewhere.

D.Help the man a little bit later. √

解析：[听力原文] M: Kate, could you do me a favor, helping me to put these things away, please? I have to clean it up before the inspection. W: In a minute. I'm almost through with this chapter. Q: What will the woman do? [答案详解] 行动计划题【考频：7】。“through”在对话中的意思为“看完”。男士让女土帮他把这些东西扔掉，他必须在检查之前打扫干净。女士说等一会儿，她就快看完这一章了。可知女士看完那一章后将会帮着男士打扫。故正确答案为D)。 A.She was not able to manage the project well. B.She had managed to recover from the shock.

C.She was not sure about the mystery in the project. D.She wasn't sure how she could finish it so early. √

解析：[听力原文] M: I was shocked when I heard you'd finished your research project a whole month earlier. W: How I managed to do it is still a mystery to me. Q: What does the woman mean? [答案详解] 综合推断题【考频：10】。“mystery”此处为“不解之谜”。男士说他听说女士提前一个月完成项目非常震惊。女土说她也不知道是如何做到的。故正确答案为D)。 A.One course. B.Two courses. √ C.Three courses.

D.More than three courses.

解析：[听力原文] M: How many science courses did you have in high school? W: I had only one year of biology and chemistry. I wish I'd had more. I'm interested in physics, to be frank. Q: How many science courses did the woman take in high school? [答案详解] 细节辨认题【考频：10】。本

题关键句为“I had only one year of biology and chemistry”我只有一年的生物课和化学课，因此为两门课。下文提到“I wish I’d had more．I’m interested in physics，to be frank．”事实上我希望多上些课，我喜欢物理。此句为干扰，该学生并没有上物理课。故正确答案为B)。 A.The flight is taking its regular route. B.The airport is closed due to bad weather. C.The closure affected the airport's schedule. √ D.The plane will fly back to its point of departure.

解析：[听力原文] M: Our plane has been circling for a long time. Why is there a delay? W: The airport was closed for a while this morning and things aren't back to normal yet. Don't worry about it. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：56】。本题关键句为“the airport was closed for a while”(机场关闭了一会儿)。对话中男士问飞机为何晚点。女士说早上机场关闭了一会儿，一切还没恢复正常。故正确答案为C)。 A.They will keep the chairs for a long time. B.The man suggests they move to another place. C.The woman is complaining about the bad chairs.

D.The man thinks they had better have the chairs replaced. √

解析：[听力原文] W: Martin, we've had these chairs since we got married. They are very comfortable. M. That doesn't mean we've got to have them the rest of our lives. Anyway they're falling apart. Q: What can be inferred from the conversation? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：56】。对话关键词为“falling apart”(散架)。女士说我们结婚时就有这几把椅子了，它们非常舒适。男士说那并不意味着要永远保留这几把椅子，不管怎样，它们都快散架了。因此男土认为最好把椅子换掉。故正确答案为D)。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

（分数：21.00）

A.He is very interested in it. B.He is indifferent to it. √ C.He is surprised about it. D.He is angry with it.

解析：[听力原文]19-21 W: I've been reading about new healthful food which you can eat in your leisure time and will not put oil weight. It's made from fish. Have you heard anything about it? M: No. I haven't. (19)But I don't like fish very much anyway. W: Don't worry. Although it is made primarily from fish, it actually doesn't have a fishy taste. In fact, it can be flavored with tomato, cheese, or chocolate for instance. M: That sounds good. (20)I suppose this product will be low calorie and high protein, like, eh, health food. W: (20) Yes, you could call it that. And it has a long shelf life, so it won't spoil quickly. It is also easy to digest and can be made from types of fish that usually aren't eaten, or from high-grade fish byproduct. M: Hm… Have you got any samples? I might be willing to try the cheese flavored variety. W: No, none of this seems to be available yet. As I understand it, (21) this fish food probably won't be in the stores for another couple of years, so you have a while to get used to the whole idea. M: A couple of years, huh? It may just take me that long. But thanks for telling me about it. 19．How does the man feel about the new product when he first heard about it? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：5】。本题关键句为“But I don't like fish very much anyway．”男士听到女土提起某种鱼类做的食品时说他不太喜欢鱼，因此可知他对此不感兴趣。故正确答案为B)。 A.Its low purchase price. B.Its wide availability.

C.Its good nutritional value. √ D.Its higher water content.

解析：[听力原文] What would be a good reason for buying the product? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：5】。本题关键句为“I suppose this product will be low calorie and high protein， like，eh，health food．”“Yes，you could call it that．”男士说他认为这种产品是一种低热量、高蛋白的健康食品。女士说可以这样讲。故正确答案为C)。 A.In a few weeks.

B.In two or three months. C.In about two years. √ D.In ten years.

解析：[听力原文] When will the new product be available? [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频：16】。本题关键句为“this fish food probably won't be in the stores for another couple of years”，这种鱼类产品可能两年后就可以在商店里买到了。故正确答案为C)。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

（分数：28.00）

A.Newspaper of low price.

B.Newspaper with attractive headline. √ C.Newspaper with sports page. D.Newspaper with business section.

解析：[听力原文]22-25 W: I often read two newspapers. The Washington Post and. The Sun. What about you? M: (22) I will buy the newspaper whose headlines catch my eyes in the front page. Do you buy the two newspapers everyday? W: Yes, that way I'm sure not to miss any of my favorite sections. (23)Doesn't the tile size of tile daily paper surprise you? M: (23)Yes, it certainly does. The newspaper staff—the reporters, writers, editors, and linotype operators—must be busy continuously. They need a large circulation to support such a staff, don't they? W: I'm sure they do. Of course, much of a newspaper's income comes from advertisements. M: That's true. I try to read the whole paper, don't you? W: No. (24)I just read the parts that interest me. I glance at the headlines, but I read the sports page and the business section carefully. Do you read those? M: No, but I do read the editorials aid the news section. You saw the article about tile earthquake in Japan, didn't you? W: Yes. That was a terrible disaster. Do you think newspapers should print stories like that? M: Certainly they should! They're part of the news of the day and people want to know about them. Don't you agree? W: Yes, (25)I suppose disasters are news, too. It seems to me that newspapers would be more pleasant to read if they had a large society section and more comic strips Don't you like to read articles about celebrations and happy events? M: Yes, I enjoy reading them. But since you don't like to read unhappy news, why do you subscribe to two newspapers? If I were you, I wouldn't read a newspaper at all. 22．What sort of newspaper will the man buy? [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频：16】。本题关键句为“I will buy the newspaper whose headlines catch my eyes in the front page．”男士说会买版面标题吸引人的报纸。故正确答案为B)。 A.The size of the daily newspaper. √ B.The staff of the daily newspaper. C.The circulation of the daily newspaper. D.The advertisements in the daily newspaper.

解析：[听力原文] What surprised the speakers? [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频：3】。本题关键句为“Doesn't the size of the daily paper surprise you?”“Yes，it certainly does．”女士问：报纸的页数令你很吃惊吧?男士说：当然。故正确答案为A)。 A.The whole paper.

B.The parts that interest her. √ C.The news section only.

D.The business section only.

解析：[听力原文] Which part of the newspaper does the woman usually read? [答案详解] 目的原因题【考频：7】。本题关键句为“I just read the parts that interest me．”女士说只读感兴趣的部分。故正确答案为B)。

A.Because they are not news.

B.Because they aren't pleasant to read. √

C.Because most people don't like to read about them. D.Because they are difficult to understand.

解析：[听力原文] Why doesn't the woman enjoy reading about disaster in the daily newspaper? [答案详解] 目的原因题【考频：7】。本题关键句为“I suppose disasters are news，too．It seems to me that newspapers would be more pleasant to read if they had a large society section and more comic strips．”女士认为虽然灾难也是新闻，但报纸应刊登大量的社会消息和喜剧性新闻才会更好看。故正确答案为B)。

四、{{B}}Section B{{/B}}(总题数：3，分数：70.00)

{{B}}Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

{{B}}Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

（分数：21.00）

A.The religious significance. B.The custom of giving gifts.

C.The habit of spending it with the family. D.The custom of food that day. √

解析：[听力原文]26-28 In England, Christmas is the most important of all the \"Bank Holidays\" in the year. (26)Two important things, apart from its religious significance, help to set this holiday apart from all the others: the custom of giving gifts and the habit of spending it with the family. (27)The custom of giving presents to one's family and friends is a very pleasant one so long as one remembers that it is the spirit behind the gift which matters most and not the gift itself. How good it is at Christmas to return to the family and meet parents, grandparents and as many aunts, uncles and cousins as can be accommodated. Without twentieth-century means of transport, many families would be denied the Christmas reunion. On Christmas Eve, the traditional game of hanging up a stocking at the foot of the bed is performed by millions of excited children. During the day the Christmas tree will have been dressed. All is now ready for the great morning, which comes round soon enough, in spite of the efforts of many of the young children to stay awake until Father Christmas steals in to deliver the presents they have asked him for. Christmas Day is spent quietly at home. The excitement of all the presents is hardly over before it is time for the traditional Christmas dinner: turkey, duck or chicken with fresh fruit afterwards. The evening is spent in games, merriment and more eating and drinking. (28)There is always Boxing Day, the Bank Holiday after Christmas Day, on which to recover, if all the excitement and food have proved a little too much. 26．Which of the following CANNOT distinguish Christmas from other holidays? [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频：67】。本题关键句为“Two important things，apart from its religious significance， help to set this holiday apart from all others：the custom of giving gifts and the habit of spending it with the family．”把圣诞节与其他节日区分开来的除了其宗教重要性，还有赠送礼物以及与家人共度的风俗习惯。故正确答案为D)。 A.Family members.

B.Friends and colleagues. C.Parents and grandparents.

D.Family and friends. √

解析：[听力原文] Whom do people give presents to on Christmas Day? [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频：67】。本题关键句为“The custom of giving presents to one's family and friends is a very pleasant one…”，可知圣诞节的习俗是送礼物给家人和朋友。故正确答案为D)。 A.It is for people to relax. √ B.It is for people to make boxes. C.It is for people to enjoy excitement. D.It is for people to eat too much.

解析：[听力原文] What is Boxing Day for? [答案详解] 细节推断题【考频：14】。本题关键句为“There is always Boxing Day…on which to recover，if all the excitement and food have proved a little too much．”节礼日(圣诞节后的第一个工作日)是让人们在头一天的狂欢后好好休息一下。故正确答案为A)。

{{B}}Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

{{B}}Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

（分数：21.00）

A.Human brains differ considerably.

B.The brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence. C.An environmentally handicapped person won't attain his due level of intelligence. D.Environment is important in determining a person's intelligence. √

解析：[听力原文]29-31 There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. (29)So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which be is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. (29)The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. The twins had identical brain at birth. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in different homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. (31)Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. (30)Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. 29．What's the main idea of the passage? [答案详解] 主旨大意题【考频：4】。本题关键句为文章开头部分的“So the second factor is…the sort of environment in which he is reared．”人生长的环境是决定智力的第二个因素。第二段用Peter与Mark这对孪生兄弟的例子证明了环境对决定人的智力的重要性，即“The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated…”故正确答案为D)。 A.85. B.100. √ C.110. D.125.

解析：[听力原文] What's the average I．Q．according to the passage? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：18】。本题关键句为“Mark's I．Q. was 125，twenty-five points higher than the average”，即Mark的IQ是125，高于平均值25点，因此IQ的平均值应为100。故正确答案为B)。 A.It can be predicted at birth.

B.It stays the same throughout his life. C.It can be increased by education. √ D.It is inherited from his parents.

解析：[听力原文] What can we infer from the passage about an individual's I．Q．? [答案详解] 推理判断题【考频：18】。本题关键句为“Mark was…been to college．He was sent to good schools…”Mark和Peter是孪生兄弟，出生时智力水平相当，由于抚养Mark的夫妇给他创造了良好的生活环境，让他接受良好教育，使得他的智力水平远高于Peter。故正确答案为C)。

{{B}}Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

{{B}}Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.{{/B}}

（分数：28.00） A.In 1992. B.In 2000. C.In 2004. D.In 1972. √

解析：[听力原文]32-35 (32)World Environment Day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972 to mark the opening of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. (33)World Environment Day can be celebrated in many ways, including street rallies, bicycles parades, green concerts, essay and poster competitions in schools, tree planting, recycling efforts, clean-up campaigns and much more. Heads of State, Prime Ministers and Ministers of Environment deliver statements and commit themselves to care for the Earth. (34)World Environment Day, commemorated each year on 5th June is one of the principal vehicles through which the United Nations stimulates worldwide awareness of the environment and enhances political attention and action. (35)The World Environment Day theme selected for 2007 is \"Melting Ice—a Hot Topic?\". The WED theme ,selected for 2007 focuses on the effects of climate change on the polar environment and on the globe in the whole The main international celebrations of the World Environment Day 2007 were held in Norway. UNEP is honored that the City of Troms is to host this day. The day's agenda is to ask human beings to face the environmental issues; empower people to become active agents of sustainable and equitable development; promote an understanding that communities are important to changing attitudes towards environmental issues; and advocate partnership, which will ensure all nations and peoples enjoy a safer and more prosperous future. 32．When was World Environment Day established? [答案详解] 信息明示题【考频：11】本题关键句为“World Environment Day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in l972…”，世界环境日在1972年由联合国大会设立。故正确答案为D)。

A.By watching some films about World Environment Day. B.By listening to some lectures and planting trees, etc.

C.By planting trees, having some green concerts, bicycle parades, etc. √ D.By delivering some speeches about World Environment Day.

解析：[听力原文] How do people celebrate the World Environment Day? [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频：67】。本题关键句为“World Environment Day can be celebrated in many ways，including street rallies，bicycles parades，green concerts…and much more．”人们以多种形式庆祝世界环境日，包括进行街道、自行车、在学校里举行绿色音乐会、征文和海报比赛、植树、废物利用、清洁比赛等等。故正确答案为C)。 A.On 5 June. √ B.On 20 March. C.On 15 July. D.On 26 April.

解析：[听力原文] Which day“the year is World Environment Day commemorated? [答案详解] 信息明示题【考频：11】。本题关键句为“World Environment Day，commemorated each year on 5 June”，世界环境日定于每年6月5日。故正确答案为A)。 A.Desert and Ice—a Hot Topic. B.Rivers and Oceans—a Hot Topic. C.Melting Ice—a Hot Topic. √ D.Trees and Forest—a Hot Topic.

解析：[听力原文] What is the theme of the World Environment Day for 2007? [答案详解] 事实细节题【考频：67】。本题关键句为“The World Environment Day theme selected for 2007 is‘Melting Ice—a Hot Topic?’”2007年的世界环境日口号为“冰川消融，后果堪忧”。故正确答案为C)。

五、{{B}}Section C{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：77.00)

The Olympic Games are held every four years, each time in a different city. The Games begin when a runner, carrying a lighted torch brought from {{U}}(36) {{/U}} , reaches the stadium.

The athletes {{U}}(37) {{/U}} against one another in various {{U}}(38) {{/U}} : they jump, cycle, swim, wrestle and show their skills in

gymnastics, fencing and {{U}}(39) {{/U}} . Others test their strength and {{U}}(40) {{/U}} in the difficult marathon and weightlifting. The winners do not {{U}}(41) {{/U}} any cash prizes. Instead the first three athletes in any event receive gold, silver, and bronze {{U}}(42) {{/U}} . Nobody knows exactly when the first Olympic Games were held. The {{U}}(43) {{/U}} show that they took place as long ago as 776 B.C. {{U}}(44) {{/U}} . However, in 16, a Frenchman started the Games again in Athens. {{U}}(45) {{/U}} . Perhaps the one important difference is that women are now allowed to compete. In fact the events for women are now very popular.

At the Games, all the athletes feel honored to represent their countries. They know the friendships they form with other athletes will {{U}}(46) {{/U}} . This is the major purpose of the Olympic Games.

The Olympic Games are held every four years, each time in a different city. The Games begin when a runner, carrying a lighted torch brought from {{U}}(36) {{/U}} , reaches the stadium.

The athletes {{U}}(37) {{/U}} against one another in various {{U}}(38) {{/U}} : they jump, cycle, swim, wrestle and show their skills in

gymnastics, fencing and {{U}}(39) {{/U}} . Others test their strength and {{U}}(40) {{/U}} in the difficult marathon and weightlifting. The winners do not {{U}}(41) {{/U}} any cash prizes. Instead the first three athletes in any event receive gold, silver, and bronze {{U}}(42) {{/U}} . Nobody knows exactly when the first Olympic Games were held. The {{U}}(43) {{/U}} show that they took place as long ago as 776 B.C. {{U}}(44) {{/U}} . However, in 16, a Frenchman started the Games again in Athens. {{U}}(45) {{/U}} . Perhaps the one important difference is that women are now allowed to compete. In fact the events for women are now very popular.

At the Games, all the athletes feel honored to represent their countries. They know the friendships they form with other athletes will {{U}}(46) {{/U}} . This is the major purpose of the Olympic Games.

（分数：77.00） (1).

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Greece）

解析：[听力原文]36-46 The Olympic Games are held every four years, each time in a different city. The Games begin when a runner, carrying a lighted torch brought from Greece, reaches the stadium. The athletes compete against one another in various events: they jump, cycle, swim, wrestle and show their skills in gymnastics, fencing and boxing. Others test their strength and endurance in the difficult marathon and weightlifting. The winners do not receive any cash prizes. Instead the first three athletes in any event receive gold, silver, and bronze medals. Nobody knows exactly when the first Olympic Games were held. The records show that they took place as long ago as 776 B.C. The Greek Games were stopped after they had been held for over a thousand years . However, in 16, a Frenchman started the Games again in Athens. The modern Olympic Games are similar to those held in ancient Greece although new events have been included. Perhaps the one important difference is that women are now allowed to compete. In fact the events for women are now very popular. At the Games, all the athletes feel honored to represent their countries. They know the friendships they form with other athletes will help to promote better understanding and friendship among nations. This is the major purpose of the Olympic Games. [答案要诀] 介宾短语【考频：1】。根据from可知此处应填地点名词，结合录音和奥运知识不难填出该空。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：compete）

解析：[答案要诀] 句意推断题【考频：9】。根据前面的athletes和后面的against可知此处应为“比赛”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：events）

解析：[答案要诀] 句意推断题【考频：9】。根据下文“they jump，cycle，swim…”可知这些都为“比赛项目”。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：boxing）

解析：[答案要诀] 同类列举题【考频：6】。根据上文“gymnastics，fencing”可知该处也为一种项目名称。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：endurance）

解析：[答案要诀] 语义推断题【考频：32】。根据上下文结构，可知此处应填守“strength”类似的名词。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：receive）

解析：[答案要诀] 前后对照题【考频：1】。根据下文“cash prizes”可知该处为“获得”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：medals）

解析：[答案要诀] 语义推断题【考频：1】。上文提到不是“cash prizes”，根据其前的gold等可推知应为“奖牌”。注意拼写。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：records）

解析：[答案要诀] 语义推断题【考频：32】。根据下文格“show that…”可知该处可能为“记录，记载”。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：The Greek Games were stopped after they had been held for over a thousand years）

解析：[听写关键词] Greek Games，stopped，after，held，thousand

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：The modern Olympic Games are similar to those held in ancient Greece although new events have been included）

解析：[听写关键词] modern，Olympic Games，similar，ancient，new events

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：help to promote better understanding and friendship among nations）

解析：[听写关键词] help，promote，understanding，friendship，nations

六、{{B}}Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth){{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：90.00)

{{B}}Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.{{/B}}

In colonial times women provided health care for their families and neighbors. Doctors were often not {{U}}47 {{/U}} , and at that time they had not learned to cure many of the illnesses that we often go to a doctor for today. So women usually cared for the sick in their homes. Women did the work of both nurses and midwives, caring for people when they were sick and {{U}}48 {{/U}} babies.

Women also provided {{U}}49 {{/U}} medical services in the wars that our country was involved in. Women cared for wounded soldiers in the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Their {{U}}50 {{/U}} work was the real beginning of modern nursing practices. Doctors became more {{U}}51 {{/U}} of the work clone by nurses after seeing the skill that they used to treat the wounded soldiers. Training for nurses became more {{U}}52 {{/U}} available after the Civil War.

By the middle of the 1800's, hospitals were being built to treat the sick and injured. The American Medical Association was also formed to {{U}}53 {{/U}} medical care. Medical schools trained doctors in modern medical practices. As hospitals became more widespread, the role of women in medicine {{U}} {{/U}} for a while. At first medical schools were only for men, and people began to look down on female nurses and midwives who did not have medical {{U}}55 {{/U}} . Now many people preferred to be treated by a {{U}}56 {{/U}} doctor in a hospital. A) valuable F) wartime K) female B) deliberately G) control L) schooling C) delivering H) regulate M) accepting D) reception I) male N) inclined E) readily J) available O) declined （分数：90.00） (1).

（分数：9.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J)。）

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：9】。从语法的角度看，这里缺少的是能充当表语的形容词。从上下文的因果关系和语义的角度看，该词所在句的后半部分表明殖民时期的医生不能治疗现在医生能够治疗的许多疾病，暗示找到能够治疗某些疾病的医生很不容易，由此判断应选择available。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C)。）

解析：动词辨义题【考频：15】。从句法结构看，该题应填入动词的现在分词，并且能与后面的babies一词搭配使用，选项中符合这一要求的单词有delivering和accepting。从句意看，该句话说明殖民地时期妇女在医疗中的具体作用，如照顾病人和接生，因此选择delivering。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A)。）

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：9】。从语法结构看，该题应填人形容词来修饰medical services，选项中符合这一要求的单词有valuable，male和female。从语义看，这句话指出了妇女在美国战争时期的医疗中的作用。下文的 Women cared for wounded soldiers in the Revolutionary War and the Civil War说明妇女的工作是有价值的、有意义的。因此，应选择valuable一词。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F)。）

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：9】。从句法结构看，该空应填形容词，修饰work。从语境来看，文章提到了美国战争时期妇女在医疗中的作用。因此，在作者的眼中，这些战时的经历是现代护理实践的开端，所以选wartime。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：M)。）

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：9】。从after seeing the skill that they used to treat the wounded soldiers和下文中的 Training for nurses became more 52 available after the Civil War可以看出，医生对她们的：工作是持肯定态度的。因此，这里选accepting。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：E)。）

解析：副词辨义题【考频：9】。护士的工作得到了肯定。因此，内战后培养护士以备用时之需也就成了重要工作。所以，应选readily。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H)。）

解析：动词辨义题【考频：15】。本段说明医疗事业的进步，不仅建立了医院，成立了医学会，还创设了医校。这句话说明了美国医学会的职责，即规范医疗事项。所以，这里应选择regulate(规范)。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：O)。）

解析：动词辨义题【考频：15】。从句法结构看，该题应填入谓语动词。从下文At first medical schools were only for men，and people began to look down on female nurses and midwives可以看出，妇女在医疗中的作用不如以前了。所以，选择declined。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L)。）

解析：名词辨义题【考频：15】。从句法结构看，该题应填入名词。空格所在句的前半部分说明起初医校只是对男性招生，很显然女性被剥夺了接受医学教育的机会，受到了轻视，所以选schooling。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I)。）

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：9】。从语法结构看，该题应填入形容词。男人受了医学教育，妇女却没有，他们在医院中显然比妇女更受青睐，所以该题选择male。

七、{{B}}Section B{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：80.00)

{{B}}Passage One{{/B}}

{{B}}Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.{{/B}}

An English schoolboy would only ask his friend: \"Wassa time, then?\" To his teacher he would be much more likely to speak in a more standardized accent and ask: \"Excuse me, sir, may I have the correct time please?\" People are generally aware that the phrases and expressions they use are different from those of earlier generations; but they concede less that their own behavior also varies according to the situation in which they find themselves.

Not only this, but in many cases, the way someone speak affects the response of the person to whom he is speaking in such a way that \"modeling\" is seen to occur. This is what Michael Argyle has called \"response matching\". Several studies have shown that the more one reveals about oneself in ordinary conversation, and the more intimate these details are, the more personal secrets the other person will let out. Response matching has, in fact, been noted between two speakers in a number of ways, including how long someone speaks, the length of pauses, speech rate and voice loudness. The correspondence between the length of

reporters' questions when interviewing President Bush, and the length of his replies has been shown to increase over the duration of his 2005-2007 news conferences. Argyle says this process may be one of imitation. Two American researchers, Jaffe and Feldstein, prefer to think of it as the speaker's need for balance. Neither of these explanations seems

particularly convincing. It may be that response matching can be more profitably considered as an unconscious reflection of speakers' needs for social integration with one another. This process of modeling the other person's speech in a conversation could also be termed speech convergence (聚合). It may only be one aspect of

a much wider speech change. In other situations, speech divergence (分离) may occur when certain factors encourage a person to modify his speech away from the individual he is dealing with. For example, a retried general's wife, renowned for her continuous snobbishness (势力), may return her vehicle to the local garage because of inadequate servicing, voicing her complaint in elaborately phrased, yet mechanically

unsophisticated language, with a high soft-pitched voice. These superior airs and graces may simply make the mechanic, reply with a flourish of almost incomprehensible technical terms, and in a louder, more deeply lowered voice than he would have used with a less angry customer.

（分数：40.00）

(1).The example of the English schoolboy was used to show that ______.（分数：8.00） A.English schoolboys respect teachers more than they respect their friends B.young people have different ways to ask time from the previous generations C.younger generations vary their speeches more than the previous generations D.even the same person will speak in different ways in different contexts √

解析：[精析] 推理判断题【考频：68】。原文首段最后转折同but所引导的句子说，但是他们很少承认他们自己的行为也会根据他们所处的环境发生变化。这里的“行为”就是上文例子中的讲话，由此可以推知，英国学生的例子是为了表明同一个人也会在不同的环境中使用不同的方式讲话。故D)为正确答案。 [避错] 原文只是提及了两种不同话语，并没有对其尊重性进行对比，排除A)“英国学生尊重老师胜过朋友”；原文只是说“通常说来人们都知道他们使用的词语和表达方式与以前的几代人不同”，并没有明确年轻人间时间的方式与上一代的不同，故排除B)“比起上一代人，年轻人有不同的问时间的方式”；原文只是提及“他们用的词语和表达方式与以前的几代人不同”，没有对话语转化的频度进行比较，故排除C)“年轻人比上一代人更易转化话语”。

(2).If one wants to get more personal information from others, the best way is to ______.（分数：8.00）

A.tell them more general information about oneself B.tell others more secrets about oneself √

C.become their intimate friends by long conversations D.imitate others in their speeches in more detailed ways

解析：[精析] 事实细节题【考频：52】。该句的比较级句式说，一个人在一般的交谈中越多地暴露自己的秘密，而且暴露的细节越具有隐私性，那么另外一个人就可能越多地吐露私人秘密。由此推知，要想让别人吐露秘密，最好的方式就是自己吐露更多的秘密。B)与之相符．故为正确答案。 [避错] 由原文比较级句式可知，暴露的是秘密而非一般情况，故排除A)“告诉他们更多自己的一般情况”；原文虽提及要靠交谈，但并没有说是长时间的，也没有说成为知心朋友，故排除C)“通过长时间交谈成为他们的知心朋友”；原文说首先要自己暴露秘密，即自己的话语模式让别人模仿以达到目的，可知D)“通过更细致的方式模仿别人的话语”逻辑上不符，故排除。

(3).According to the author, the correspondence between tile lengths of reporter's questions and Bush's answers increased because speakers ______.（分数：8.00） A.are trying to be accepted by others without even knowing it √ B.have a strong demand for balance when they are speaking

C.always have an instinct to imitate the people they are talking to D.themselves want to know each other well

解析：[精析] 目的原因题【考频：26】。题干问的是“作者”认为记者所提的问题的长度与总统的回答长度之间的一致性明显提高的原因。在原文第三段末尾，作者提出“这两种解释都不是特别具有说服。把‘反应配对’理解为说话人想要融入彼此的一种无意识的反映可能更好些。”A)“说话人努力去被别人接受而不自知”，就是一种“无意识地融入彼此”，故为正确答案。 [避错] 由原文“Jaffe和Feldstein倾向于认为这是由于讲话人有寻求平衡的需要”可推知B)是作者否定的解释之一，故排除；由原文“Argyle说

这一过程可能就是一种‘模仿”’可推知C)也不是作者的观点，故排除；D)“说话者们想更好地了解彼此”并未在原文提到，故排除。

(4).What can we learn about speech convergence from the passage?（分数：8.00） A.It means all of a much wider speech change. B.It only happens during the interviews.

C.It means to follow the other's speaking style during conversations. √ D.It was first concluded by Argyle after his interview with Bush.

解析：[精析] 语义理解题【考频：40】。由该句“这种在谈话中模拟他人讲话的过程也可以被称作话语会聚”推知，C)“在谈话中追随别人的话语方式”为正确答案。 [避错] 由原文“它可能只是更宽范围的语言变化的一个方面”可排除A)“它意味着更宽范围的语言变化的全部”；原文说“在谈话中模拟他人讲话的过程”，并未特指只发生在采访中，故排除B)；原文中Argyle只是提及了相似的观点，并没有说他是第一个提出的，而且也没有说是他采访了布什，故排除D)。

(5).The example of the retired general's wife and mechanic is mentioned in the text to show that ______.（分数：8.00）

A.wives of high ranked official are usually very pride to poor people B.modeling is not the only way people respond in different situations √ C.there is a distinct speech difference between rich people and the poor D.the poor tend to pretend to be well-educated in front of the rich

解析：[精析] 推理判断题【考频：68】。原文末段举例之前说，模拟可能只是更宽范围的语言变化的一个方面。在另外一些情况下，当某些因素促使讲话人想要让自己的话尽量有别于听者的时候，则会发生话语离散。换句话说，语言变化除了模拟(modeling)还有别的形式，就是采取有别于听话人的说话方式讲话。然后举出将军妻子的例子。由此可以推知，该例子是为了证实“模仿不是人们在不同环境中唯一的反应方式”，故B)为正确答案。 [避错] A)“衔军官的夫人通常在穷人面前很骄傲”，而原文只是举例，不能说明这是普遍情况，排除；原文叙述的是两人各自的话语行为的变化，并非两人之间的对比，故排除C)“穷人和富人之间存在明显的话语区别”；原文虽提及“机械师可能会用大量的难以理解的技术术语”，但并非假装受到良好教育的倾向，而是“讲话人想要让自己的话尽量有别于听者”，故也排除D)。 {{B}}Passage Two{{/B}}

{{B}}Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.{{/B}}

Each year Universum, a Swedish consulting firm asks American MBA students where they would most like to work. The 2007 survey showed a few surprises in its top 50 companies named: Hewlett-Packard and Cisco Systems had fell, while old reliables such as General Electric, Coca-Cola and General Mills had jumped up the list. But the most-desired industry remains consulting, despite the beating it has taken since the end of the dotcom boom, and the top firm remains McKinsey. Perhaps the reason is: in recent years McKinsey has done as much as any company to provide MBA graduates with increasingly better and more profitable positions.

The reason for this was the firm's popularization of a concept known as \"war for talent\". It advocated finding the best and brightest and rewarding their innovations (创新) in proportion to \"talent\" instead of their performance or seniority (资格). But what is talent? And how does a company measure its employees' talent, especially when assigning them to new projects? The \"war for talent\" recommends a careful assessment of the inner skills and characteristics ready for success but gives few clues as to what those inner skirls might be, which might make the war standardless. For a company focused on quick growth, one shortcut could be young hires who had already been rewarded for their talent by receiving MBAs from well-respected schools. Thus as the idea of finding talented employees who could quickly learn the skills took off, so did the asking price of the star MBA graduates.

Unfortunately, now the \"war for talent\" seems less of a brilliant idea. The economic downturn, bringing with it less competition for the available talent, also did its part to control in indulgent (宽容的) employers.

Similarly, Professor Jeffrey Pfeifer emphasized that cultivating a talent means not just hiring

the most effective performers, but being able to deal quickly and firmly with the least effective C performers. But he adds that the C refers not to the person but to the individual's performance in a given job. Some low-performing managers were A or B performers earlier in their careers—and may attain that level of performance again.

MBA programs will remain attractive recruiting areas, but the MBA model itself has come under increasing criticism. Prof. Pfeifer, in a 2007 article found little evidence that an MBA had much effect on future salary or career. Future MBA students might need to provide more evidence of their talent to impress potential employers. （分数：40.00）

(1).According to the text, McKinsey is favored by American MBA students in that the company ______.（分数：8.00）

A.has a world wide reputation for high salary B.is famous for its consulting business

C.makes very attractive job offers to MBA holders √ D.successfully survived the burst of dotcom bubble

解析：[精析] 推理判断题【考频：68】原文首段末尾说，可能原因是：近些年来，麦肯锡和其他公司一样竭尽全力给 MBA毕业生提供越来越好、报酬越来越高的职位。由此可以推知，该公司给MBA毕业生提供非常具有吸引力的工作。故C)为正确答案。 [避错] 原文首段末尾并没有明确“该公司以高工资而世界闻名”，排除A)；原文提及“人们最想去的行业还是咨询业”只是一个行业选择，并不能构成一个公司受欢迎的直接原因，因为该行业不只是这一家公司，排除B)“该公司以其咨询业而闻名”；原文只是提及咨询业经历了网络公司泡沫破裂，并没说麦肯锡遭受与否，故排除D)“该公司成功越过了网络公司泡沫破裂”。 (2).A weak point of \"war of talent\" plan is that ______.（分数：8.00） A.talents are something invisible and might be shown with time B.talent is very hard to be defined or measured effectively √ C.the talented people do not always have an MBA degree D.different companies may rank the same person differently

解析：[精析] 综合理解题【考频：18】。原文第二段中间说，天才争夺战介绍了一种仔细评估“指向成功的天生技能和性格”的方法，但是却没有说明这些天生技能和素质到底是什么，这就可能让这场天才争夺战失去标准。由此可以推知，没有标准的战争就是该人才争夺计划的弱点所在，那么其原因就在于对“天才”很难定义和测量，同时这又印证了该段but引起的句子所说的：“天才是什么?公司又怎样衡量雇员的天才呢?”故B)“天才很难被有效地定义或衡量”为正确答案。 [避错] A)中后半部分“会随着时间的推移而显现”与原文“却没有说明这些天生技能和素质到底是什么”不符；原文说“那些年轻的刚刚从名校获得MBA学位作为对其‘天才’的回报的学生们”，而C)说“天才并不通常拥有 MBA学位”与文意相悖，排除；原文虽提及“可能让这场战争失去了标准”，但文章和紧接着的例子都并未提及“不同的公司会对同一个人有不同的分级对待”，故排除D)。

(3).What can we learn from the third paragraph?（分数：8.00） A.The \"war for talent\" is totally useless nowadays.

B.The \"war for talent\" has caused serious economy decrease. C.The Employers' attitude toward available talent has changed. √ D.The economy decrease was caused by the lack of available talent.

解析：[精析] 综合推断题【考频：28】。由原文第三段中“使得对现有的人才的竞争减弱，也使得那些宠爱着这些雇员的企业收敛了一些”可以推知，雇主对待人才的态度较之上文“对于一个注重快速增长的公司而言，一条捷径就是雇佣那些年轻的刚刚从名校获得MBA学位作为对其‘天才’的回报的学生们”发生了转变，C)与之相符。 [避错] 原文只是提及“现在‘天才争夺战’好像不再是那么英明的点子了”，而A)则认为“现在‘天才争夺战’毫无用处”，与原文不符，排除；原文并未提及经济衰退的原因，而是说由于经济衰退而产生的一些变化，如“使得对现有的人才的竞争减弱，也使得那些宠着这些雇员的企业收敛了一些”，可排除B)和D)。

(4).Which of the following is true about Professor Pfeffer's attitude?（分数：8.00） A.Only the A performers worth to be hired.

B.There is no difference among the A, B and C performers. C.C performers cannot change into A or B performers.

D.How to do with the C level performers also needs attention. √

解析：[精析] 语义理解题【考频：40】。由原文“Jeffrey Pfeffer教授也强调培养这种‘天才雇员思维模式’……还意味着能够迅速而坚定地应付那些表现最差的C型员工的人”推知，应付表现最差的C型员工也不容忽视，故D)“怎样对待表现最差的C型员工也需要重视”为正确答案。 [避错] 由原文“不仅仅意味着雇用那些表现最佳的人，还意味着能够迅速而坚定地应付那些表现最差的C型员工的人”，可以排除A)“只有A型员工值得雇用”；原文提及A、B和C三种类型之间的转变，可推知这三类人肯定有区别，排除B)；由原文“一些表现差的经理人曾经在从业早期是表现为A或B的人，而且他们还可能再次恢复以前的表现水平”可以推知，并不是所有的C类转变不到B或A类，故排除C)。 (5).What can we learn from the last paragraph?（分数：8.00） A.MBA degree has lost all its original function. B.MBA degree might not be convincing in future. √ C.MBA degree will still mean high income in future. D.MBA degree holders often lack talent evidence now.

解析：[精析] 推理判断题【考频：68】。文章最后一段说，Pfeffer教授几乎没有发现什么证据可以证明MBA文凭对未来工资和事业有什么重大影响。未来的MBA学生可能要提供更多的证据来证明他们的天赋才能给潜在的雇主留下深刻印象。这说明未来MBA学位本身不够了。而文章第二段又曾提到很多公司找到“天才雇员”的捷径就是雇佣那些名牌大学得到MBA学位的人，这证明以前MBA学位本身就有说服力。那么综合以上分析可知“未来的MBA学位本身不再像以前一样有说服力了”。故选B)。 [避错] 由原文“MBA还是最具有吸引力的雇佣领域”排除A)“MBA已经失去了其所有最初功效”；由最后一段第二句排除C)“MBA在未来仍然意味着高收入”；原文虽提及“未来的MBA学生可能要提供更多的证据”，但并不意味着他们现今通常缺乏相关证据，故排除D)。

八、{{B}}Part Ⅴ Cloze{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：60.00)

Children have been said to have brain-injured child syndrome, hyperactive (极度活跃的) child syndrome and attention-deficit disorder (ADD). As early as the 1940's, psychiatrists have {{U}}(67) {{/U}} children with hyperactivity and extremely distracted and impulsive (冲动的). These frequent name changes show how {{U}}(68) {{/U}} researchers, are about the causes {{U}}(69) {{/U}} the problem and the diagnostic criteria for the disorders. In the past several years, the people who {{U}}(70) {{/U}} attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have {{U}}(71) {{/U}} to clarify the disorder's causes and {{U}}(72) {{/U}} , and have reasons to believe that it may be genetic. Today's view {{U}}(73) {{/U}} this disorder is very different from the beliefs of just a few years ago. Researchers are finding that ADHD is not a disorder of just attention, but is from a developmental {{U}}(74) {{/U}} in the brain's circuitry and self-control. The loss of self-control {{U}}(75) {{/U}} other important brain functions mandatory for maintaining {{U}}(76) {{/U}} . ADHD involves two sets of symptoms: inattention and a {{U}}{{U}}(77)

{{/U}}{{/U}}of hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. Most children are more active and distractive than adults are. Children are more

inconsistent, affected by brief actions. The younger the child, the less {{U}} (78) {{/U}} they are. This behavior is a {{U}}(79) {{/U}} of a problem when it is displayed more in them than in their {{U}}(80) {{/U}} .

Boys are at least three times more {{U}}(81) {{/U}} than girls to have ADHD. Studies have found that ADHD in boys outnumbers girls 9 to 1, this is because boys are genetically likely to {{U}}(82) {{/U}} disorders in the nervous system. These behaviors generally {{U}}(83) {{/U}} between the ages of 3 and 5. {{U}}(84) {{/U}} , some children don't start to develop the disorder until {{U}}(85) {{/U}} childhood or early adolescence. Researchers are unable to find the reasons for this {{U}}(86) {{/U}} .

（分数：60.00） A.labeled √ B.treated C.regarded D.handled

解析：动词辨义题【考频：】。这篇短文讲的是儿童的多动症和注意力分散。用排除法选出A)label“用标签归类或命名”符合句意。这句的意思是“早在40年代，精神病学家就把这样的儿童归为多动症或极度注意力分散或易冲动”，这里是指把儿童所有的这些问题进行归类命名。treated“治疗”；regarded“看待，当作”；handled“处理”。 A.skeptical B.practical C.careless D.uncertain √

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：22】。用排除法选出D)uncertain“不确定的”符合句意。这句的意思是“名称上这种频繁的变换显示了研究者对……不确定”。skeptical“怀疑的”；practical“实际的”；careless“轻率的，粗心的”。 A.in B.with C.on D.of √

解析：语义衔接题【考频：24】。这句承接前半句的意思，指出研究者不确定的两个方面，一个是引起这种毛病的原因，另一个是诊断标准。of有“属于……，由……产生”的意思，可以译成“……的”，这里是causes of the problem，所以应该选D)。 A.decode B.interpret C.study √ D.devise

解析：动词辨义题【考频：】。用排除法选出C)study“研究，调查”符合句意。这句的意思是“研究注意力分散多动症的人……”。decode“解码”；interpret“解释……的意思”；devise“设计”。 A.constructed B.commenced √ C.conferred D.confined

解析：动词辨义题【考频：】。这句承接前半句的意思“研究注意力分散多动症的人开始澄清这种问题的原因和症状”，因此选B)commence“开始，着手”。constructed“建构”；conferred“赋予”；confined“”。 A.systems B.symptoms √ C.segments D.syndromes

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。多动症是一种病，所以应该选B)symptom“(疾病的)症状”。这句的意思是“研究注意力分散多动症的人开始澄清这种问题的原因和症状”。systems“系统”；segments“部分”；sensations“感觉”。 A.for B.on √ C.of D.to

解析：固定搭配题【考频：45】。这句的意思是“今天对于这种紊乱的认识与几年前的认识不同”，关于某方面的认识应该用on这个介词，view on是一个固定搭配，所以应该选B)。 A.failure √ B.default C.absence D.variation

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。这句的意思是“研究者发现ADHD不仅是一种注意力的紊乱，而且是产生白脑路和白控的发展障碍”，根据句意应选A)failure“失败，障碍”。default“拖欠，弃权”；absence“缺乏”；variation“变化，多样性”。 A.dictates B.fulfils C.performs D.weakens √

解析：动词辨义题【考频：】。这句的意思是“自控能力的缺乏减弱了其他重要的大脑功能”。用排除法选出D) weakens“削弱，使变弱”符合句意。dictates“命令，指示”；fulfils“履行，实现”；performs“做，执行”。 A.ambition B.aspiration C.attention √ D.acquisition

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。和自控能力有关的应该是注意力，所以应该选C)attention。这句承接前半句的意思，指出“自控能力的缺乏减弱了其他重要的大脑功能，而这些功能是保持注意力所必需的”。ambition“抱负，雄心”；aspiration“渴望”；acquisition“获得”。 A.coalition B.circulation C.combination √ D.competition

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。这里指的是“多动和冲动行为的结合”。这句的意思是“ADHD有两类症状：一个是注意力分散；一个是同时有多动和冲动行为”，根据句意选C)combination“合并，结合”。coalition“联盟”； circulation“循环”；competition“竞争”。 A.aware √ B.careful C.retarded D.emotional

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：22】。从上文知道儿童容易注意力分散、多动和冲动，这都是自控意识弱的表现，所以应该选A)aware“意识到的”。这句的意思是“儿童的年龄越小，他们的意识越弱”。careful“小心的，仔细的”；retarded“智力迟钝、迟缓的”；emotional“感情用事的，情绪化的”。 A.symbol B.signal C.mark D.sign √

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。本句意为“这种行为是有问题的一种迹象”，应选D)sign“迹象，征候”。symbol“符号”；signal“信号”；mark“标记”。 A.friends B.peers √ C.sisters D.acquaintances

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。这里都是在谈儿童，所以应该是儿童与他们的同龄人相比较，peer的意思是“同辈，同龄人”，选B)。这句承接前半句的意思“当这种行为出现在他们身上比出现在他们同龄人身上更多的时候……”。acquaintances“熟人”。 A.improved B.ready C.prone √ D.willing

解析：固定搭配题【考频：45】。从下一句可知这句的意思是“男孩比女孩更倾向于患ADHD至少比女孩要多二倍的几率”，be prone to“有……趋向的，倾向于”，所以应该选C)。improved“改善的”；ready“有准备的”； willing“自愿的，情愿的”。 A.develop √ B.possess C.correct D.receive

解析：动词辨义题【考频：】。这句的意思是“研究发现男孩与女孩患ADHD的比率是9比1，这是因为从遗传学角度男孩的神经系统更可能发展出紊乱”。发展出现某种病症常用动词develop，应选A)。possess“占有，拥有”；correct“纠正”；receive“接受，受到”。 A.differ B.prove C.occur √ D.accept

解析：动词辨义题【考频：】。句意是“这些行为通常在3到5岁间出现”，应选C)occur“发生”。differ“相异”。 A.Moreover B.Nevertheless √ C.Anyway D.Whenever

解析：逻辑关系题【考频：30】。前文指出“这些行为通常在3到5岁间出现”，后文又指出“有些儿童直到儿童时代……和青春期早期才出现这种行为”，前后文之间是转折关系，所以选B)nevertheless“然而”。 A.late √ B.early C.new D.unhappy

解析：形容词辨义题【考频：22】。本句意思是“有些儿童直到儿童时代晚期和青春期早期才出现这种行为”。85 childhood和early adolesscence用or连接，前后两部分意思一致，可推断前面是指“儿童时代晚期”，应选A)。 A.inertia B.lagging C.rest D.delay √

解析：名词辨义题【考频：39】。这种行为出现在儿童时代晚期和青春期早期，是推迟了的，所以应该选D)delay“推迟，延迟”。这句的意思是“研究者还不能找到这种推迟的原因”。inertia“迟钝”；lagging“落后”；rest“静止”。

九、{{B}}Part Ⅵ Translation{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：35.00)

2.He went to the new shopping mall, and 1(以八折的价钱买了一套衣服). （分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：bought a suit at a 20% discount） 解析：[解析] “一套西服”a suit；“以……折的价钱”at a…discount 3.That man over there is 1(最有天分的建筑师之一)in this country. （分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：one of the most talented architects） 解析：[解析] “最……之一”one of+最高级+名词复数；“有天分的”talented。 4.Now that he is here, you 1(不妨表达自己的观点). （分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：may/might as well express your own views/opinions） 解析：[解析] “不妨”may/might as well；“表达观点“express one’s views/opinions 5.Not until all the fish died in this river 1(人们才意识到污染有多严重). （分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：did people realize how serious the pollution was） 解析：[解析] Not until引导的时间状语前置时，引起部分倒装，如果Not until引导的时间状语不前置，则不用倒装，所以本句可以改写为People did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in this river．

6.If you are interested in this job, please 1(把简历发电子邮件到下述地址). （分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：email your resume to the following address） 解析：[考点] ①“发送电子邮件到……”email to……；②“简历”resume；③“下述地址”following address